Page 48 - New Cloth Market November 2022 Digital Edition

Chitosan-Based Sustainable Textile Technology: Process, Mechanism, Innovation & Safety

precipitated on the fabric surface. are controlled by the ratio of chitosan to fabrics for improving durability,
and CF3(CF2)7SO3Li concentrations. desirable aroma, hygienic use, fire
The SEM study confirms that For the treatment of fabric, the resistance, wound healing activity, and
nanofiberlike shapes are deposited on nanoparticles dispersion sprayed over so on. A tiny amount of active
the fiber surface, resulting in rough the textile surface. The contact angle components is surrounded by a
surface on microscale cotton fiber of the treated fabric is 157° ± 2.2°. continuous polymeric phase in the
structure. Also, nanoflower-like microencapsulation process. The
precipitation is found for the same It has been noticed that long-term active component is introduced in
treatment with polyester fabrics. The water contact would degrade the different terms such as core, internal
deposition of chitosan nanosized particles due to the presence of phase, encapsulated, while the
particles forms proper roughness on hydroxyl groups in the chitosan continuous polymeric phase is
cotton and polyester fibers. Besides, complex. The hydroxyl groups are described as coating, wall, shell,
an emulsion of polysiloxane may be blocked by treating the fabric with external phase, and membrane. The
used for reducing the surface energy chlorodimethyl-1H-1H-2H-2H- continuous polymeric phase is one of
of the chitosan-treated fabric. perfluorodecylsilane (90%) in 1% the vital issues for application-based
heptane solution. The contact angle microencapsulation process. Chitosan
The emulsion is prepared by has been improved after this treatment is very efficient to encapsulate the
hexadecyltrimethoxy silane (HDTMS, and found at 160° ± 2° [78]. core materials in microencapsulation
85%), 3-glycidol-propyl-trimethoxy- process. The core materials are usually
silane (GPTMS, 97%), and sodium Chitosan: a coating on textile for UV found in two different phases-solid and
dodecyl sulfate (SDS). A mixture of 8g blocking liquid-and chosen for specific
HDTMS, 2g GPTMS, and 1g SDS is application. The grapefruit seed oil, a
stirred at 75°C for 2 h maintaining pH A coating of chitosan-graphene is liquid core material, is used to attain
about 2 using HCl. The operation designed for the process of developing durable fragrance and antibacterial
temperature is reduced to room a cotton fabric as UV blocker. A properties by microencapsulation
temperature, and the pH is maintained graphene nanosheet (1–3 nm) is added process in the textile application [81].
at 8.0 by ammonia. After the dipping, to chitosan solution by stirring Chitosan is one of the shell materials
padding, washing, and drying, the vigorously around 5 h. A cotton fabric which are used for microencapsulation
curing process is done at 150°C for 1 is submerged in the dispersion of due to nontoxic, biodegradable, and
min. Further washing is necessary if chitosan-graphene for 2 h. In padding naturally extracted. Depending on the
excess SDS is present on the fabric process, the fabric passes through two process, different types of solvents,
surface and need to cure again dips and two nips for achieving 80% crosslinking agents, and surfactants
following the same process. In wet pick up on average. The washing could be used to modify the mechanical
characterization, water contact angles and drying treatments are maintained strength of chitosan shell for releasing
(WCA) are found 152° and 148° for separately. The predrying process is active core materials.
cotton and polyester, respectively. The continued at 70°C for 10 min and curing
cotton and polyester fabrics having process at 110°C for 10 min. The Microencapsulation processes
WCA at 130° and 102°, respectively, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of the
after processing only with chitosan do treated fabric using 1% graphene is 60 There are many different
not exhibit long duration hydrophobicity. times greater than that of untreated microencapsulation techniques such
cotton. The well-dispersed graphene as coacervation [82], interfacial
Another process based on fluorocarbon particle in the chitosan matrix without polymerization or in situ
to reduce the surface energy has been any aggregation is considered for the polymerization, air suspension coating,
developed for the preparation of high value of UPF [80]. emulsion hardening process, pan
superhydrophobic textile. In this coating, spray drying [83, 84],
process, anionic heptadecafluoro-1- Chitosan microcapsules for textile centrifugal extraction [85], etc. (Figure
octanesulfonate has been synthesized applications 7).
from a surfactant, CF3(CF2)7SO3Li.
Chitosan nanoparticles are formed The microencapsulation technique is The simple coacervation technique is
using 0.2% chitosan solution and widely used in pharmaceutical, usually followed by single colloidal
mixed with soluble heptadecafluoro-1- cosmetic, food, biotechnology, textile solute while complex coacervation
octanesulfonate in acetic acid. The industries to obtain control release of process involving more than one
dispersion is stirred for 1 h and left it active components for a particular colloidal solute. The coacervation is
for 2 h before characterization. The size purpose. In general, the one of the mostly used techniques for
and surface charge of the chitosan NPs microencapsulation process is applied the development of smart textile and

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